Ethereum Foundation Director: L2s Should Pursue Differentiation, Native Ethereum Account Abstraction and ZK-EVM Will Completely Optimize User Experience

Foresight News reported that Hsiao-Wei Wang, Co-Executive Director of the Ethereum Foundation, shared her insights on Ethereum’s scaling roadmap, user experience, and AI agents at the Consensus 2026 conference. Regarding Vitalik’s previous suggestion to refocus scaling efforts on L1, she believes this is more of a recommendation for L2s. She pointed out that L2s should pursue differentiation and specialization, such as building specific application chains to achieve extreme scalability. L1 should serve as the most secure settlement layer, supporting the most critical activities, while L2s are responsible for activities that pursue the ultimate user experience.

Currently, the biggest pain point in user experience lies in wallets and entry barriers. In the future, Ethereum will promote native account abstraction, making smart contract wallets the default choice to replace traditional externally owned accounts (EOA), allowing users to enter the crypto world without needing deep background knowledge. The improvement of privacy features will make Ethereum stand out in ecosystem competition, as the community has been deeply cultivating privacy technology for years. ZK-EVM is a long-term plan for Ethereum scaling, which will significantly improve network efficiency through zero-knowledge proof technology. The future challenge for AI agents is how to define and regulate interactions between AI agents. The industry must establish trustless interaction standards to ensure users are using their own agents, rather than third-party agents that could potentially manipulate transaction content.